The City of Washington has a fascinating history that dates back to 1877, when the iron-hulled steamship was built in Chester, Pennsylvania. Originally designed to transport passengers and cargo between New York, Cuba, and Mexico, the approximately 300-foot vessel spent decades traveling the Caribbean before eventually becoming one of Key Largo's most recognizable historic shipwrecks.
One of the most significant moments in the ship's history occurred on February 15, 1898, when the USS Maine exploded in Havana Harbor, an event that helped lead to the Spanish-American War. The City of Washington was anchored nearby and sustained damage from flying debris. Its crew immediately assisted in rescuing survivors from the Maine, bringing injured sailors aboard for medical attention. The vessel later served as a troop transport during the Spanish-American War.
After returning to commercial service, the City of Washington was retired in 1908 and eventually converted into a coal barge in 1911. On July 10, 1917, while being towed toward Cuba, the vessel ran aground on Elbow Reef off Key Largo. Unlike the accompanying tugboat and barge, which were eventually freed, the City of Washington could not be recovered and was declared a total loss.
Today, the remains rest in approximately 25 feet of water within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Although much of the original structure has collapsed, divers can still explore sections of the iron hull, engine mounts, and drive shaft tunnel. More than a century after its sinking, the City of Washington is both a historic landmark and a thriving marine habitat, offering divers a chance to explore an important piece of maritime history beneath the waters of Key Largo.